Spondias mombin, commonly known as hog plum, yellow mombin, or ambarella, is a tropical fruit tree in the cashew family (Anacardiaceae). Native to the tropical Americas, it has become naturalized and cultivated in various parts of the world, including Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Caribbean. Here's an overview of the plant:
Characteristics:
- Tree: Medium-sized, deciduous tree reaching heights of 15–22 meters (49–72 feet).
- Leaves: Pinnately compound with leaflets arranged in pairs.
- Flowers: Small, white to pale green flowers that grow in clusters.
- Fruit: Oblong or oval-shaped drupes, about 4–5 cm in length. The skin is smooth and yellow when ripe, with a tart or tangy flavor. The fruit contains a large, fibrous pit.
Uses:
- Culinary:
- The fruit is eaten fresh, pickled, or made into beverages, jams, and desserts.
- In some regions, the young leaves are used as a vegetable or flavoring.
- Medicinal: The bark, leaves, and fruit have traditional uses for treating ailments such as diarrhea, sore throat, and wounds.
- Timber: The wood is used for construction and making tools in some areas.
Cultivation and Growth:
- Thrives in tropical climates with well-drained soils.
- Propagated by seeds, cuttings, or grafting.
- Drought-tolerant but benefits from regular watering during dry periods.
Ecological Importance:
- Provides shade and habitat for wildlife.
- The flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies.